测地线曲率

geodesic curvature

to survey / to measure / to conjecture

-ly / structural particle: used before a verb or adjective, linking it to preceding modifying adverbial adjunct

earth / ground / field / place / land / CL:片[pian4]

geodesic / a geodesic (curve)

earth (wire) / ground

variant of 線|线[xian4]

thread / string / wire / line / CL:條|条[tiao2],股[gu3],根[gen1] / (after a number) tier (unofficial ranking of a Chinese city)

surname Qu

bent / crooked / wrong

tune / song / CL:支[zhi1]

variant of 麴|曲[qu1]

yeast / Aspergillus (includes many common molds) / Taiwan pr. [qu2]

curvature

rate / frequency

to lead / to command / rash / hasty / frank / straightforward / generally / usually