(of taste) hot or pungent / hard / laborious / suffering / eighth in order / eighth of the ten Heavenly Stems 十天干[shi2 tian1 gan1] / letter "H" or Roman "VIII" in list "A, B, C", or "I, II, III" etc / ancient Chinese compass point: 285° / octa
to slaughter; to butcher; to kill (animals etc) / (coll.) to fleece; to rip off; to overcharge / (bound form) to govern; to rule / (bound form) (a title for certain government officials in ancient China)