(pronoun) this; these / (bound form) this; the (followed by a noun) / (bound form) this; these (followed by a classifier) (in this sense, commonly pr. [zhei4], esp. in Beijing)

cannot be used / must not (do sth) / unacceptable

to make / to cause / to enable / to use / to employ / to send / to instruct sb to do sth / envoy / messenger

must not / may not / not to be allowed / cannot

no; not so / (bound form) not; un-

to obtain / to get / to gain / to catch (a disease) / proper / suitable / proud / contented / to allow / to permit / ready / finished

structural particle: used after a verb (or adjective as main verb), linking it to following phrase indicating effect, degree, possibility etc

to have to / must / ought to / to need to