dǎn
gǎn
zì
che̅ng
qí
tia̅n
dà
shèng
How dare he declare himself Great Sage the Equal to Heaven?
to dare (negative connotation) / to have the audacity to (do sth)
gall bladder / courage / guts / gall / inner container (e.g. bladder of a football, inner container of a thermos)

= + : Don Quixote (d) suffers from a huge moon-shaped (月) gall stone (胆), so inside of the anthill (an3) he drinks medicine from a big mug (旦). His moon gall stone is so big, it has gall stones on its own and it is drinking medicine from a mug as well.
to dare / daring / (polite) may I venture

= + + : Mnemonic symbol: 石敢当, stone tablet erected to ward off evil spirits.

Guy Fawkes erected a stone tablet to ward off evil spirits inside of the anthill, but as he was drinking at the bar he noticed how the stone tablet suddenly started moving all on its own and tried to cut off Guy's ear with a sickle. Consequently, Guy Fawkes takes a sledgehammer and destroys the stone tablet to be safe; he wouldn't dare to have another drink setting next to this weird tablet.
to call oneself / to claim to be / to profess / to claim a title
self / oneself / from / since / naturally / surely

= + : Mnemonic symbol: a hand mirror, which someone uses to look at themselves.

The Eye of Providence (目) is looking at itself (自) in a handheld mirror (自) in the space station's bathroom (Ø4). It think it's indeed looking very good, since Zorro (z) attached a petal (丶) to its eye (目).
to fit / balanced / suitable
to weigh / to state / to name / name / appellation / to praise

= + : Charlie Chaplin practices eating cereals blindfolded in front of the engine. As he is eating he wonders why the bowl is suddenly so heavy. The reason is that a peace dove sat down on the bowl and eats the cereals as well. The peace dove names Charlie Chaplin a real idiot because he doesn't notice.
variant of 秤[cheng4] / steelyard
Great Sage the Equal of Heaven, self-proclaimed title of the Monkey King Sun Wukong 孫悟空|孙悟空[Sun1 Wu4 kong1] in the novel Journey to the West 西遊記|西游记[Xi1 you2 Ji4]
(name of states and dynasties at several different periods) / surname Qi

= + 丿 + : The Queen of Hearts (qi) built a drum and a gong (齐). She made the drum by carving a hole into a big book (文) and spanning a hide over the hole very evenly (齐). The gong also consists of a huge book which has been cast in bronze, and its surface is quite even (齐). She can readily beat the drum using a dinosaur bone (丨), but when she strikes the gong with a banana (丿), the gong doesn't make any sound. The drum is ready, but the gong is not.
neat / even / level with / identical / simultaneous / all together / to even sth out

= + 丿 + : The Queen of Hearts (qi) built a drum and a gong (齐). She made the drum by carving a hole into a big book (文) and spanning a hide over the hole very evenly (齐). The gong also consists of a huge book which has been cast in bronze, and its surface is quite even (齐). She can readily beat the drum using a dinosaur bone (丨), but when she strikes the gong with a banana (丿), the gong doesn't make any sound. The drum is ready, but the gong is not.
gargantuan / as big as the sky / enormous
day / sky / heaven

= + : Mother Teresa (ti) programmed a robot (大) to play a flute duet together with her in front of the anthill (an1). As they play their flutes (一) an angel (天) hears their heavenly tune and descends from heaven to listen to them.
great sage / mahatma / king / emperor / outstanding personage / Buddha
see 大夫[dai4 fu5]
big; large; great / older (than another person) / eldest (as in 大姐[da4 jie3]) / greatly; freely; fully / (dialect) father / (dialect) uncle (father's brother)

= + : The big (大), huge (大) robot (mnemonic symbol for 大) is working out in the ashram's bathroom (a4). He's lifting a flute (一) to which Don Quixote (d) and Neanderthal man (人) are clinging.
to dig
old variant of 聖|圣[sheng4]

= + : Mnemonic symbol: Father Christmas, 圣诞老人.

Sherlock Holmes is about to lose against Santa Claus in a boxing match in the engine's bathroom when he uses a dirty trick: lying on the floor he grabs some dirt and throws it into Santa Claus's face, thereby blinding him. Sherlock uses the opportunity to land a critical blow onto Santa Claus's big belly, but Santa doesn't even notice.
holy / sacred / saint / sage

= + : Mnemonic symbol: Father Christmas, 圣诞老人.

Sherlock Holmes is about to lose against Santa Claus in a boxing match in the engine's bathroom when he uses a dirty trick: lying on the floor he grabs some dirt and throws it into Santa Claus's face, thereby blinding him. Sherlock uses the opportunity to land a critical blow onto Santa Claus's big belly, but Santa doesn't even notice.