芦沟桥事变

Marco Polo Bridge Incident of 7th July 1937, regarded as the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War 抗日戰爭|抗日战争[Kang4 Ri4 Zhan4 zheng1]

rush / reed / Phragmites communis

ditch / gutter / groove / gully / ravine / CL:道[dao4]

Lugou Bridge or Marco Polo Bridge in southwest of Beijing, the scene of a conflict that marked the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War 抗日戰爭|抗日战争[Kang4 Ri4 Zhan4 zheng1]

bridge / CL:座[zuo4]

matter / thing / item / work / affair / CL:件[jian4],樁|桩[zhuang1],回[hui2]

incident / unforeseen event / events (in general)

to change / to become different / to transform / to vary / rebellion