哎
=
口
+
艾
:
Albert Einstein (Ø) wants to warn the public about the dangers of aids (艾). In front of the airplane (ai1) he dresses as a mandarin (口) and shouts "hey!" (哎) at the people to get their attention.
呀
=
口
+
牙
:
Maud Younger (y) has an aching wisdom tooth. She attached a string to it and stands on top of the ashram (a5). At the other end of the string she attached a mandarin (口). When she throws the mandarin down the lighthouse, the string will pull out her aching wisdom tooth. It will hurt a little, so Maud is sure to say "哎呀" when the tooth is pulled.
(pronoun) this; these / (bound form) this; the (followed by a noun) / (bound form) this; these (followed by a classifier) (in this sense, commonly pr. [zhei4], esp. in Beijing)
这
=
文
+
辶
:
James II of England (zh) is carrying a heavy book (文) in the elevator's bathroom (e4). This (这) book is so heavy that his gladiator sandals (辶) are sinking deep into the sand.