格勒

(onom.) laughing sound / glug-glug haha!

square / frame / rule / (legal) case / style / character / standard / pattern / (grammar) case / (classical) to obstruct / to hinder / (classical) to arrive / to come / (classical) to investigate / to study exhaustively

to rein in / to compel / to force / to carve / to engrave / (literary) to command / to lead / bridle / (physics) abbr. for 勒克斯[le4 ke4 si1], lux

to strap tightly / to bind

Stalingrad, former name of Volvograd 伏爾加格勒|伏尔加格勒 (1925-1961)

Leningrad, name of Russian city Saint Petersburg 聖彼得堡|圣彼得堡 1923-1991

Zagreb, capital of Croatia 克羅地亞|克罗地亚[Ke4 luo2 di4 ya4]

Grenoble (French town)

Petrograd, variant spelling of 彼得堡[Bi3 de2 bao3], Saint Petersburg

Kaliningrad, town on Baltic now in Russian republic / formerly Königsberg, capital of East Prussia

Volgograd, Russian city on the Volga River 伏爾加河|伏尔加河[Fu2 er3 jia1 He2]

Battle of Stalingrad (1942-1943), decisive battle of Second World War and one of the bloodiest battles in history, when the Germans failed to take Stalingrad, were then trapped and destroyed by Soviet forces

Battle of Stalingrad (1942-1943) / also called 斯大林格勒戰役|斯大林格勒战役

Kaliningrad Oblast