鑒

variant of 鑑|鉴[jian4]

to supervise / to inspect / jail / prison

supervisor

surname Jin / surname Kim (Korean) / Jurchen Jin dynasty (1115-1234)

gold / chemical element Au / generic term for lustrous and ductile metals / money / golden / highly respected / one of the eight categories of ancient musical instruments 八音[ba1 yin1]

in view of this / to this end

to draw on (others' experience) / to learn from (how others do things) / lesson to be learned (by observing others)

to learn a lesson from the mistakes of one's predecessor (idiom)

illustrated handbook

seal impression / stamp / mark from a seal serving as signature

to learn from history (idiom)

lit. oily and shiny to the point of reflecting (idiom) / lustrous

to examine deeply / to inspect closely

paternity or maternity test

evaluation / assessment

A Mirror for the Wise Ruler (or Comprehensive Mirror for Aid in Government), a vast chronological general history, written by 司馬光|司马光[Si1 ma3 Guang1] Sima Guang (1019-1089) and collaborators during the Northern Song in 1084, covering the period 403 BC-959 AD, 294 scrolls

to appreciate (a work of art)

evaluation committee / review board

to observe the past to foresee the future (idiom, taken loosely from Book of Songs); studying ancient wisdom gives insight into what is to come

DNA test / DNA testing

lit. the cart in front overturns, a warning to the following cart (idiom); fig. draw lesson from the failure of one's predecessor / learn from past mistake / once bitten twice shy

to judge / to examine / to evaluate

National Commission for the Identification of Cultural Heritage

lit. warning to the following cart (idiom); don't follow the track of an overturned cart / fig. draw lesson from the failure of one's predecessor / learn from past mistake / once bitten twice shy

Deutsch-Französische Jahrbücher (published once in 1844 by Karl Marx and bourgeois radical Arnold Ruge)