改

to change / to alter / to transform / to correct

self / oneself / sixth of the ten Heavenly Stems 十天干[shi2 tian1 gan1] / sixth in order / letter "F" or Roman "VI" in list "A, B, C", or "I, II, III" etc / hexa

variant of 攴[pu1]

to amend / to alter / to modify

abbr. for 勞動改造|劳动改造[lao2 dong4 gai3 zao4] / reform through labor / laogai (prison camp)

revised draft / new version (of a document)

reeducation through labor / laogai (prison camp)

to edit / to modify / to alter (written material)

reform of the medical system

complete change from the old rut (idiom); dramatic change of direction / a volte-face / to change old practices

Treaty of Saint Petersburg of 1881, whereby Russia handed back Yili province to Qing China in exchange for compensation payment and unequal treaty rights

to renew / to reform

correctional labor camp

abbr. for 國家發展和改革委員會|国家发展和改革委员会, PRC National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), formed in 2003